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  1. Neanderthal - Wikipedia

    Neanderthal extinction occurred roughly 40,000 years ago with the immigration of modern humans (Cro-Magnons), but Neanderthals in Gibraltar may have persisted for thousands of …

  2. Neanderthal | Characteristics, DNA, & Facts | Britannica

    Dec 24, 2025 · Neanderthals lived before and during the last ice age of the Pleistocene in some of the most unforgiving environments ever inhabited by humans. They developed a successful …

  3. Homo neanderthalensis - The Smithsonian's Human Origins Program

    Jan 3, 2024 · Neanderthals (the ‘th’ pronounced as ‘t’) are our closest extinct human relative. Some defining features of their skulls include the large middle part of the face, angled cheek …

  4. Who were the Neanderthals—and why did they go extinct?

    Mar 6, 2023 · Who were the Neanderthals—and why did they go extinct? Neanderthals were a hardy species, but these ancient human relatives disappeared 40,000 years ago. Here’s what …

  5. Who were the Neanderthals? - Natural History Museum

    What is a Neanderthal? Are Neanderthals human? Find out facts about the species Homo neanderthalensis, including when these ancient people lived and what they looked like.

  6. The Year in Neanderthals - The New York Times

    Jan 3, 2026 · Neanderthals, who flourished across Eurasia for hundreds of thousands of years before vanishing around 40,000 years ago, had a notable return to the scientific spotlight in …

  7. Who Were the Neanderthals? The Truth About Our Ancient …

    Jul 31, 2025 · Neanderthals (Homo neanderthalensis) were not a detour on the road to us—they were a parallel branch, a sister species. Their story begins in Africa, where our last common …

  8. Neanderthal - World History Encyclopedia

    Oct 21, 2016 · Neanderthals are an extinct group of fossil humans that appeared in Western Eurasia in the mid-Middle Pleistocene and shared the stage with the first modern humans …

  9. Who Were the Neanderthals and What Happened to Them?

    Who Were the Neanderthals? Neanderthals, formally known as Homo neanderthalensis, were a distinct species of archaic humans that emerged approximately 400,000 years ago. They …

  10. Neanderthals - HISTORY

    Oct 17, 2017 · Neanderthals are an extinct species of hominids that were the closest relatives to modern human beings. They lived throughout Europe and parts of Asia from about 400,000 …