Replacing the original controller is an Arduino Nano running Grbl, likely giving this revived laser cutter better compatibility with popular open source tools than it had originally.

Universal (ish) Arduino grbl opto-coupler interface also works with logic-level pwm In adding an alternative cutter drive motor (‘spindle’) to an existing cnc machine, an electrically isolated pwm to ...

An off-the-shelf laser galvo was used for vertical scanning, allowing faster scanning due to its small deflection angle. This setup is quicker than then usual vector galvo application, as the ...