An endoscope with a transparent cap enters through a 2 cm mucosal incision into the submucosal “third” space, approximately 5 cm proximal to the lower esophageal sphincter. Four distinct tissue layers ...

Figure 4 is consistent with the pattern of type I achalasia. There is almost no pressurization in the proximal, middle, or distal portion of the esophagus with each swallow. Figure 5 permits ...

The diagnosis of achalasia is made on the basis of aperistalsis of the esophagus. Manometry often reveals an elevated LES pressure (> 50 mm Hg), although this is not necessary to confirm the diagnosis ...

Achalasia is a chronic oesophageal motility disorder characterised by impaired relaxation of the lower oesophageal sphincter (LOS) and loss of peristalsis. This condition results in progressive ...

WASHINGTON, DC—A transcatheter electrosurgical procedure that mimics surgical myotomy may be an option in some patients to relieve left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction in the setting of ...