It is an increasingly common practice that drinking water distribution systems (DWDSs) may have to deliver new-quality water after decades of service. However, the so-called transition effects when ...

Municipal drinking water distribution systems (DWDSs) and associated premise plumbing (PP) systems are vulnerable to proliferation of opportunistic pathogens, even when chemical disinfection residuals ...

This report evaluates approaches for risk characterization and recent data, and it identifies a variety of strategies that could be considered to reduce the risks posed by water-quality deteriorating ...