A chest wall deformity is an abnormality in the ribs, sternum (or breastbone), cartilage, and other tissues in your child’s chest. The chest wall protects vital organs like the heart and lungs and ...

There are two main types of chest wall deformity: pectus carinatum, or pigeon chest, and pectus excavatum, or funnel chest. The former pushes out; the latter sinks in. Though there can be a genetic ...

The field of general thoracic surgery field evolved from general surgery in the early 1900s, largely as a response to chest morbidities prevalent at the time, including pulmonary tuberculosis and ...

Some transgender or nonbinary people have top surgery to alter the appearance of their chest to align with their gender identity. Transgender men and nonbinary people may have transmasculine top ...